Intellectual property rights protection and trade: An empirical analysis

• Using panel data covering 112 countries and 45 years, we study developing countries’ incentive to enforce IPR. We show that IPR enforcement is U-shaped in a country’s market size inverse-U-shaped the aggregated of its trade partners. The effect entirely driven by partners strongly next impact strengthening protection on innovation countries. find stronger negatively impacts patents export discoveries paper proposes an empirical analysis determinants adoption Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) their manufacturing. conducted with First respect Second, reinforcing reduces on-the-frontier inside-the-frontier countries, without necessarily increasing at global level.